DOMESTIC NANDINA (HOLY BAMBOO)

1. General characteristics

• Appearance: Nandina domestica is an erect shrub, which can reach heights of 1-2 meters, with fine, fern-like leaves. The young leaves have a reddish or bronze color, which turns green as they mature, and deep red in the fall.
• Flowers and fruits: The plant produces small, white or pale pink flowers in clusters during the summer, followed by small, red fruits that persist into winter, adding a pop of color to the garden landscape.

2. Choosing the planting site

• Sun or semi-shade: Nandina domestica prefers places with partial or full sun, but also tolerates partial shade. In full sun, the leaves develop more intense colors, while in the shade the foliage may be greener.
• Wind protection: Choose a place sheltered from strong winds, as they can dry out the leaves, especially in winter.

3. Soil

• Well-drained and fertile: Holy bamboo grows best in well-drained, slightly acidic to neutral soils. Although it can also tolerate poorer soils, it prefers soil rich in organic matter.
• Soil relief: If the soil is clay or heavy, add compost or sand to improve drainage and fertility.

4. Planting

• Optimal period: Planting is best done in spring or autumn, when temperatures are moderate.
• Spacing: Plant Nandina 60-90 cm apart from plants if you’re creating a hedge or decorative group.

5. Care of domestic Nandina

• Watering: This plant needs regular watering, especially in the first year after planting. The soil should be kept moist, but not soggy, to prevent root rot.
• Mulching: Apply a layer of mulch around the base of the plant to maintain soil moisture and protect the roots from extreme temperatures.

6. Fertilization

• Balanced fertilizer: Apply a balanced fertilizer (NPK 10-10-10) in the spring to stimulate healthy growth and colorful foliage. You can repeat the application at the beginning of summer.

7. Pruning

• Maintenance pruning: Nandina domestica does not require frequent pruning, but you can perform light pruning in the spring to remove dry branches or control the height and shape of the plant.
• Rejuvenation: Every few years, you can prune the plant at the base to stimulate the growth of new, vigorous shoots.

8. Winter protection

• Cold hardiness: Domestic nandina is relatively cold-hardy and can tolerate temperatures as low as -10°C, but in areas with very harsh winters, it can suffer frost damage. Protect the base of the plant with a layer of thick mulch.
• Leaf protection: In winters with strong winds and low temperatures, the leaves may turn brown or dry out, but the plant will recover in the spring.

9. Diseases and pests

• Diseases: Nandina domestica is generally resistant to diseases, but it can occasionally be affected by powdery mildew or leaf spots. It ensures good air circulation and waters the plant at the base to prevent fungal problems.
• Pests: It is rarely affected by pests, but aphids or red spiders may occasionally attack young leaves. Treat infestations with natural insecticides or horticultural oil.

10. Garden Uses

• Decorative hedge: Nandina domestica can be used to create mid-height hedges that add color and structure to the garden year-round.
• Focal plant: Due to its changing color, Nandina can be used as a focal plant in a mixed flower bed or around an alley.
• Japanese gardens: In Japanese-inspired gardens, Nandina domestica is often used alongside Japanese maples, azaleas, and decorative stones to create a harmonious and balanced landscape.

By following these cultivation and care recommendations, Nandina domestica will add extra elegance and color to your garden, remaining a beautiful and lively presence in the landscape all year round.